eta->key, $meta->value );
			}
			self::$backfilling_order_ids = array_diff( self::$backfilling_order_ids, array( $object->get_id() ) );
		}

		return $delete_meta;
	}

	/**
	 * Add new piece of meta.
	 *
	 * @param WC_Data   $object WC_Data object.
	 * @param \stdClass $meta (containing ->key and ->value).
	 *
	 * @return int|bool  meta ID or false on failure
	 */
	public function add_meta( &$object, $meta ) { // phpcs:ignore Universal.NamingConventions.NoReservedKeywordParameterNames.objectFound
		$add_meta        = $this->data_store_meta->add_meta( $object, $meta );
		$meta->id        = $add_meta;
		$changes_applied = $this->after_meta_change( $object, $meta );

		if ( ! $changes_applied && $object instanceof WC_Abstract_Order && $this->should_backfill_post_record() ) {
			self::$backfilling_order_ids[] = $object->get_id();
			add_post_meta( $object->get_id(), $meta->key, $meta->value );
			self::$backfilling_order_ids = array_diff( self::$backfilling_order_ids, array( $object->get_id() ) );
		}

		return $add_meta;
	}

	/**
	 * Update meta.
	 *
	 * @param WC_Data   $object WC_Data object.
	 * @param \stdClass $meta (containing ->id, ->key and ->value).
	 *
	 * @return bool The number of rows updated, or false on error.
	 */
	public function update_meta( &$object, $meta ) { // phpcs:ignore Universal.NamingConventions.NoReservedKeywordParameterNames.objectFound
		$update_meta     = $this->data_store_meta->update_meta( $object, $meta );
		$changes_applied = $this->after_meta_change( $object, $meta );

		if ( ! $changes_applied && $object instanceof WC_Abstract_Order && $this->should_backfill_post_record() ) {
			self::$backfilling_order_ids[] = $object->get_id();
			update_post_meta( $object->get_id(), $meta->key, $meta->value );
			self::$backfilling_order_ids = array_diff( self::$backfilling_order_ids, array( $object->get_id() ) );
		}

		return $update_meta;
	}

	/**
	 * Perform after meta change operations, including updating the date_modified field, clearing caches and applying changes.
	 *
	 * @param WC_Abstract_Order $order Order object.
	 * @param \WC_Meta_Data     $meta  Metadata object.
	 *
	 * @return bool True if changes were applied, false otherwise.
	 */
	protected function after_meta_change( &$order, $meta ) {
		method_exists( $meta, 'apply_changes' ) && $meta->apply_changes();

		// Prevent this happening multiple time in same request.
		if ( $this->should_save_after_meta_change( $order, $meta ) ) {
			$order->set_date_modified( current_time( 'mysql' ) );
			$order->save();
			return true;
		} else {
			$order_cache = wc_get_container()->get( OrderCache::class );
			$order_cache->remove( $order->get_id() );
			$this->clear_cached_data( array( $order->get_id() ) );
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Helper function to check whether the modified date needs to be updated after a meta save.
	 *
	 * This method prevents order->save() call multiple times in the same request after any meta update by checking if:
	 * 1. Order modified date is already the current date, no updates needed in this case.
	 * 2. If there are changes already queued for order object, then we don't need to update the modified date as it will be updated ina subsequent save() call.
	 *
	 * @param WC_Order           $order Order object.
	 * @param \WC_Meta_Data|null $meta  Metadata object.
	 *
	 * @return bool Whether the modified date needs to be updated.
	 */
	private function should_save_after_meta_change( $order, $meta = null ) {
		$current_time      = $this->legacy_proxy->call_function( 'current_time', 'mysql', 1 );
		$current_date_time = new \WC_DateTime( $current_time, new \DateTimeZone( 'GMT' ) );

		$should_save =
			$order->get_date_modified() < $current_date_time && empty( $order->get_changes() )
			&& ( ! is_object( $meta ) || ! in_array( $meta->key, $this->ephemeral_meta_keys, true ) );

		/**
		 * Allows code to skip a full order save() when metadata is changed.
		 *
		 * @since 8.8.0
		 *
		 * @param bool $should_save Whether to trigger a full save after metadata is changed.
		 */
		return apply_filters( 'woocommerce_orders_table_datastore_should_save_after_meta_change', $should_save );
	}
}